The SpaceX Dragon spacecraft, known for its parachute-assisted ocean splashdowns, now has a backup landing method for emergencies. After eight successful NASA crew returns using parachutes, the Dragon capsule can now utilize its SuperDraco thrusters for a propulsive landing on solid ground.
This capability, originally intended as the primary landing method, was shelved due to safety concerns. However, during the Crew-9 launch webcast on September 27, NASA officials confirmed that the SuperDraco system could be activated for a propulsive landing if all four parachutes fail. This marks a significant shift in the Dragon’s operational procedures.
SpaceX CEO Elon Musk confirmed on X (formerly Twitter) that propulsive landing was always part of the Dragon’s design, but he initially avoided using it as the primary method due to the associated risks. Early in its development, SpaceX showcased the Dragon’s ability to land using its eight SuperDraco engines, which would slow its descent to a gentle touchdown using extendable landing legs.
However, plans changed after SpaceX received its Commercial Crew Program contract from NASA. The company opted for parachute-assisted splashdowns, a decision reportedly driven by NASA’s preference for a more established landing system. NASA Spaceflight reported that the space agency had concerns about potential hot spots forming around the openings for the landing legs during atmospheric reentry, potentially compromising the capsule’s integrity.
While Dragons with propulsive landing capabilities have flown on uncrewed missions, the Crew-9 mission represents the first time this feature is available as a backup for a NASA crewed mission. This decision reflects NASA’s growing confidence in SpaceX’s capabilities, evidenced by the Dragon’s recent role in returning two astronauts who initially launched aboard Boeing’s Starliner spacecraft, which was later deemed unsafe for their return. This incident may have contributed to the decision to enable Dragon’s propulsive landing system for emergencies.
This backup landing option provides an additional layer of safety for crewed missions, demonstrating SpaceX’s commitment to crew safety and mission success. The propulsive landing capability offers a critical contingency plan in the unlikely event of parachute failure, ensuring the safe return of astronauts. This advancement underscores the continuous evolution and improvement of SpaceX’s Dragon spacecraft.
