Honda continues its commitment to hydrogen fuel-cell technology, exploring its application in commercial trucks amidst limited market adoption for fuel-cell passenger vehicles. Honda has converted a semi truck to fuel-cell power, demonstrating the potential of this technology.
Honda’s Fuel-Cell Semi Truck Conversion
The converted semi truck utilizes three fuel-cell modules, jointly developed by Honda and General Motors, replacing the traditional diesel engine. These modules generate a combined 321 horsepower, enabling the truck to reach a top speed of 70 mph. Honda asserts the truck boasts a 400-mile range with a full load, thanks to its onboard hydrogen storage capacity. The new modules are also more durable and cost-effective, representing a one-third cost reduction compared to previous generations, and are already being produced at a joint Honda/GM facility in Michigan.
Honda hydrogen fuel-cell semi truck.
Fuel-Cell Semi Trucks: An Industry Trend
While Honda’s fuel-cell semi truck is currently a one-off project, the company is actively pursuing collaborations for fuel-cell technology in North America. This aligns with a broader industry trend, with several automakers recognizing the potential of fuel cells in the trucking sector.
Toyota and Kenworth have partnered to create a fleet of fuel-cell demonstration trucks operating at the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach. Toyota plans to provide fuel-cell powertrain kits to Kenworth and Peterbilt for production trucks. Hyundai is also anticipated to bring fuel-cell semis to California for testing, while GM has an agreement with Navistar to produce 2,000 fuel-cell vehicles.
Honda fuel-cell semi truck detail shot.
Addressing Emissions and Range Challenges
These fuel-cell initiatives aim to reduce emissions from heavy-duty trucks and minimize the environmental impact of freight transportation. While battery-electric trucks like the Tesla Semi exist, current battery technology requires impractically large battery packs to achieve sufficient range for long-haul trucking. Fuel-cell vehicles, with their quick refueling times, offer a compelling advantage over battery-electric trucks, which require longer charging durations even with advancements like megawatt charging.
Honda’s Broader Fuel-Cell Vision
Honda identifies commercial trucks as one of four key areas for fuel-cell technology, alongside stationary power sources, construction machinery, and passenger cars. The company recently revealed the 2025 CR-V e:FCEV, a hybrid vehicle combining fuel cells with a plug-in rechargeable battery pack, similar to conventional EVs or plug-in hybrids. This model succeeds the Clarity Fuel Cell, discontinued after the 2021 model year.
Honda hydrogen fuel-cell semi truck.
Expanding Hydrogen Infrastructure
Like the Clarity Fuel Cell, the CR-V e:FCEV’s availability will initially be limited to California due to its more developed hydrogen refueling infrastructure. Honda anticipates that applications like semi trucks will drive hydrogen demand, encouraging the development of necessary infrastructure and making fuel-cell cars more practical. In parallel, Honda continues to develop its “0 Series” battery-electric vehicles, scheduled for a 2026 debut.
Conclusion
Honda’s exploration of fuel-cell technology in semi trucks signifies a strategic move towards sustainable transportation solutions. While challenges remain in terms of infrastructure development, the potential of fuel cells to address emissions and range limitations in the trucking industry is substantial. Honda’s commitment to both fuel-cell and battery-electric vehicle development positions the company to adapt to the evolving automotive landscape.
