Homelessness is a complex issue, and the experiences of those living on the streets are often misunderstood. A groundbreaking project, “Shifting the Focus,” aims to amplify the voices of individuals experiencing homelessness who share their lives with pets. Through a Photovoice methodology, participants document their experiences and relationships with their animal companions, offering a powerful and intimate perspective.
This innovative study, led by veteran photographer and EcoHealth researcher Gemina Garland-Lewis, goes beyond traditional research methods. Garland-Lewis, whose previous work explored the human-animal-environment dynamic among Seattle’s homeless population, recognized the importance of empowering individuals to tell their own stories. “I keep wanting an opportunity to hand the camera over and provide a platform for people to show their own perspectives on their life and their relationship with their animal,” she explained. “This study provided that opportunity.”
The research team conducted interviews with 19 individuals in the Seattle area, who collectively captured over 900 photographs. These images, combined with the participants’ narratives, provide a rich and nuanced understanding of the complexities of pet ownership while experiencing homelessness.
Many participants described the profound impact their pets had on their well-being. Pets offered emotional support, motivation to stay sober, and a sense of purpose amidst challenging circumstances. One participant shared how their pet inspired them to continue seeking stable housing. The unwavering companionship of an animal provided a source of comfort and resilience in the face of adversity.
However, the study also revealed the unique challenges of pet ownership while homeless. These included difficulties accessing veterinary care, ensuring adequate food supply, and even temporary separation due to animal control regulations. Participants voiced the need for more accessible and affordable pet care resources, including day care and fostering services. They also highlighted the need for greater public awareness regarding service animal rights, particularly addressing misconceptions surrounding identification requirements.
The “Shifting the Focus” team extended the project’s reach beyond data collection by organizing public exhibitions of the photographs and interviews. These pop-up displays, held in the fall of 2019, attracted approximately 500 visitors and generated positive community engagement. The exhibitions offered a unique opportunity for the public to connect with the lived experiences of homeless individuals and their pets.
The research findings are published in PLOS-One, adding valuable insights to the growing body of knowledge on homelessness and human-animal bonds. While there are no current ongoing projects, Garland-Lewis aims to focus future research on specific subpopulations within the homeless community, including youth, women, and those without any form of shelter.
Ultimately, “Shifting the Focus” seeks to foster empathy and understanding. By sharing these powerful stories and images, the project encourages a shift in perspective, highlighting the common ground we share with those experiencing homelessness. “What I most hope people take away from the exhibit is an understanding that they have something in common with a person or people that they thought they had nothing in common with,” Garland-Lewis stated. This project serves as a powerful reminder that connection and empathy can pave the way for meaningful dialogue and positive social change.
The complete collection of photographs and participant narratives from the “Shifting the Focus” project can be found in the PLOS-One publication. https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295588
