Scientists have developed an antiviral chewing gum that effectively traps influenza and herpes viruses in laboratory settings, potentially offering a new tool in preventing the spread of these common infections. Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania’s School of Dental Medicine created this innovative gum using bean powder, leveraging the natural antiviral properties of a specific protein found within.
Harnessing the Power of Lablab Beans
The foundation of this antiviral gum lies in Lablab purpureus, also known as the lablab bean, a plant native to sub-Saharan Africa and a common food source in tropical regions. Previous studies have demonstrated that lablab beans contain a protein called Flt3 Receptor Interacting Lectin (FRIL), which possesses the remarkable ability to bind to a broad range of viruses. The Penn researchers, who previously developed a chewing gum to trap the SARS-CoV-2 virus, have now adapted this approach to target influenza and herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2).
Neutralizing Viruses Through Chewing
In laboratory experiments, FRIL effectively neutralized influenza strains and both HSV-1 and HSV-2. To determine the efficacy of the gum in releasing FRIL, the researchers employed a mechanical mouth to simulate chewing. They found that a two-gram gum tablet containing 40 milligrams of bean powder released enough FRIL to reduce the viral load of these viruses by over 95%. These promising results suggest the potential of bean gum in minimizing viral infection and transmission, paving the way for future human clinical trials.
Addressing Limitations of Current Antiviral Strategies
While antiviral medications and vaccines exist for both flu and herpes, they have limitations. Flu vaccines, for instance, offer protection against severe infection but are less effective in preventing transmission. Antiviral medications for herpes can reduce transmission risk, but many individuals with herpes are asymptomatic and unaware of their infection. Furthermore, herpes can spread through saliva even in the absence of symptoms, and there are currently no vaccines available for either type of herpes virus.
A Promising Future for Antiviral Gum
The antiviral gum, developed according to FDA specifications for drug products, offers a novel approach to tackling these challenges. It has also demonstrated stability and safety for chewing for at least two years. The researchers are optimistic about the potential of chewing gum as an effective delivery system for preventing the transmission of saliva-borne viruses like influenza and HSV-1/2.
Expanding the Scope: Targeting Bird Flu
The research team is also exploring the use of FRIL-laced bird feed to combat the spread of bird flu among poultry. Lead researcher Henry Daniell emphasized the significance of this broad-spectrum antiviral protein found in a natural food product, highlighting its potential to prevent infection and transmission of both human and avian influenza viruses.
Conclusion: A Step Towards Enhanced Viral Control
This innovative antiviral chewing gum presents a promising new strategy for controlling the spread of common viral infections. While further research and clinical trials are necessary, the potential benefits of this simple yet powerful tool are substantial. It could offer a convenient and accessible method for reducing viral transmission, complementing existing antiviral strategies and addressing current limitations in preventing the spread of influenza and herpes.
